Shapes can now be colours other than gray

src/camera.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-use nalgebra::{clamp, convert, RealField, Vector3};
+use nalgebra::{convert, RealField, Vector3};
 
+use super::colour::{ClampingToneMapper, NamedColour, NormalizedAsByte, ToneMapper};
 use super::image::OutputImage;
 use super::integrators::{DirectionalLight, Integrator, PhongIntegrator};
 use super::raycasting::Ray;
@@ -60,8 +61,10 @@ impl<T: RealField> ImageSampler<T> {
     }
 }
 
-pub fn render_scene<T: RealField>(output_image: &mut OutputImage, scene: &Scene<T>)
+pub fn render_scene<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte>(
-where
+    output_image: &mut OutputImage,
+    scene: &Scene<T>,
+) where
     f32: From<T>,
 {
     let image_sampler = ImageSampler::new(
@@ -76,6 +79,7 @@ where
             intensity: convert(0.3),
         }],
     };
+    let tone_mapper = ClampingToneMapper {};
     for column in 0..output_image.get_width() {
         for row in 0..output_image.get_height() {
             let ray = image_sampler.ray_for_pixel(row, column);
@@ -89,12 +93,12 @@ where
                         Some(ordering) => ordering,
                     },
                 );
-            let gray = match hit {
+            let colour = match hit {
-                None => convert(0.0),
+                None => NamedColour::Black.as_colourrgb(),
                 Some(intersection_info) => integrator.integrate(&intersection_info),
             };
-            let gray = f32::from(clamp(gray * convert(255.0), convert(0.0), convert(255.0))) as u8;
+            let colour = tone_mapper.apply_tone_mapping(&colour);
-            output_image.set_color(row, column, gray, gray, gray);
+            output_image.set_color(row, column, colour);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -102,7 +106,9 @@ where
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::materials::Material;
     use crate::raycasting::{Intersect, IntersectionInfo, Plane};
+
     #[cfg(test)]
     mod imagesampler {
         use super::*;
@@ -123,13 +129,18 @@ mod tests {
         fn ray_for_pixel_returns_value_that_intersects_film_plane_at_expected_location() {
             let target = ImageSampler::new(800, 600, Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0));
             let ray = target.ray_for_pixel(100, 200);
-            let film_plane = Plane::new(Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0), target.film_distance);
+            let film_plane = Plane::new(
+                Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
+                target.film_distance,
+                Material::<f64>::new_dummy(),
+            );
             let point_on_film_plane = match film_plane.intersect(&ray) {
                 Some(IntersectionInfo {
                     location,
                     distance: _,
                     normal: _,
                     retro: _,
+                    material: _,
                 }) => location,
                 None => panic!(),
             };

src/colour.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use nalgebra::{clamp, convert, RealField, Vector3};
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct ColourRGB<T: RealField> {
     values: Vector3<T>,
 }
@@ -16,6 +17,10 @@ impl<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte> ColourRGB<T> {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn from_vector3(v: &Vector3<T>) -> ColourRGB<T> {
+        ColourRGB { values: *v }
+    }
+
     pub fn red(&self) -> T {
         self.values[0]
     }
@@ -83,11 +88,12 @@ pub enum NamedColour {
     Navy,
 }
 
-pub fn named_colour<T: RealField+NormalizedAsByte>(colour: NamedColour) -> ColourRGB<T> {
+impl NamedColour {
+    pub fn as_colourrgb<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte>(self) -> ColourRGB<T> {
         let zero: T = convert(0.0);
         let half: T = convert(0.5);
         let one: T = convert(1.0);
-    match colour {
+        match self {
             NamedColour::Black => ColourRGB::new(zero, zero, zero),
             NamedColour::White => ColourRGB::new(one, one, one),
             NamedColour::Red => ColourRGB::new(one, zero, zero),
@@ -99,11 +105,12 @@ pub fn named_colour<T: RealField+NormalizedAsByte>(colour: NamedColour) -> Colou
             NamedColour::Gray => ColourRGB::new(half, half, half),
             NamedColour::Maroon => ColourRGB::new(half, zero, zero),
             NamedColour::Olive => ColourRGB::new(half, half, zero),
-        NamedColour::Green => ColourRGB::new(half, half, half),
+            NamedColour::Green => ColourRGB::new(zero, half, zero),
             NamedColour::Purple => ColourRGB::new(half, zero, half),
             NamedColour::Teal => ColourRGB::new(zero, half, half),
             NamedColour::Navy => ColourRGB::new(zero, zero, half),
         }
+    }
 }
 
 impl NormalizedAsByte for f32 {

src/image.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+use super::colour::ColourRGB24;
+
 pub struct OutputImage {
     pixel_data: Vec<u8>,
     width: u32,
@@ -22,12 +24,10 @@ impl OutputImage {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn set_color(&mut self, row: u32, column: u32, red: u8, green: u8, blue: u8) {
+    pub fn set_color(&mut self, row: u32, column: u32, colour: ColourRGB24) {
         assert!(row < self.height && column < self.width);
         let index = (((self.height - (row + 1)) * self.width + column) * self.channels) as usize;
-        self.pixel_data[index] = red;
+        self.pixel_data[index..index+3].copy_from_slice(&colour.values[..]);
-        self.pixel_data[index + 1] = green;
-        self.pixel_data[index + 2] = blue;
     }
 
     pub fn get_pixel_data(&self) -> &Vec<u8> {

src/integrators.rs

@@ -1,26 +1,28 @@
 use nalgebra::{RealField, Vector3};
 
+use super::colour::{ColourRGB, NormalizedAsByte};
 use super::raycasting::IntersectionInfo;
 
-pub trait Integrator<T: RealField> {
+pub trait Integrator<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte> {
-    fn integrate(&self, info: &IntersectionInfo<T>) -> T;
+    fn integrate(&self, info: &IntersectionInfo<T>) -> ColourRGB<T>;
 }
 
-pub struct DirectionalLight<T: RealField> {
+pub struct DirectionalLight<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte> {
     pub direction: Vector3<T>,
     pub intensity: T,
 }
 
-pub struct PhongIntegrator<T: RealField> {
+pub struct PhongIntegrator<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte> {
     pub ambient_light: T,
     pub lights: Vec<DirectionalLight<T>>,
 }
 
-impl<T: RealField> Integrator<T> for PhongIntegrator<T> {
+impl<T: RealField + NormalizedAsByte> Integrator<T> for PhongIntegrator<T> {
-    fn integrate(&self, info: &IntersectionInfo<T>) -> T {
+    fn integrate(&self, info: &IntersectionInfo<T>) -> ColourRGB<T> {
-        self.lights
+        let intensity = self.lights
             .iter()
             .map(|light| light.intensity * light.direction.dot(&info.normal))
-            .fold(self.ambient_light, |a, b| a + b)
+            .fold(self.ambient_light, |a, b| a + b);
+        ColourRGB::from_vector3(&(info.material.colour.as_vector3() * intensity))
     }
 }

src/main.rs

@@ -7,7 +7,9 @@ use std::time::Duration;
 
 use nalgebra::Vector3;
 
+use vanrijn::materials::Material;
 use vanrijn::camera::render_scene;
+use vanrijn::colour::NamedColour;
 use vanrijn::image::OutputImage;
 use vanrijn::raycasting::{Plane, Sphere};
 use vanrijn::scene::Scene;
@@ -56,8 +58,22 @@ pub fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
     let scene = Scene {
         camera_location: Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
         objects: vec![
-            Box::new(Plane::new(Vector3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), -2.0)),
+            Box::new(Plane::new(
-            Box::new(Sphere::new(Vector3::new(0.0, 1.0, 5.0), 1.0)),
+                Vector3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
+                -2.0,
+                Material {
+                    colour: NamedColour::Green.as_colourrgb(),
+                    smoothness: 0.0,
+                },
+            )),
+            Box::new(Sphere::new(
+                Vector3::new(0.0, 1.0, 5.0),
+                1.0,
+                Material {
+                    colour: NamedColour::Blue.as_colourrgb(),
+                    smoothness: 0.7,
+                },
+            ))
         ],
     };
     render_scene(&mut output_image, &scene);

src/materials.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,18 @@
 use nalgebra::RealField;
 
-use super::colour::ColourRGB;
+use super::colour::{ColourRGB, NormalizedAsByte};
 
-pub struct PhongMaterial<T: RealField> {
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Material<T: RealField> {
     pub colour: ColourRGB<T>,
     pub smoothness: T,
 }
+
+impl<T: RealField+NormalizedAsByte> Material<T> {
+    pub fn new_dummy() -> Material<T> {
+        Material {
+            colour: ColourRGB::new(T::one(), T::one(), T::one()),
+            smoothness: T::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+}

src/raycasting.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 use nalgebra::{convert, RealField, Vector3};
 
+use super::materials::Material;
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub struct Ray<T: RealField> {
     origin: Vector3<T>,
@@ -20,11 +22,12 @@ impl<T: RealField> Ray<T> {
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct IntersectionInfo<T: RealField> {
+pub struct IntersectionInfo<'a, T: RealField> {
     pub distance: T,
     pub location: Vector3<T>,
     pub normal: Vector3<T>,
     pub retro: Vector3<T>,
+    pub material: &'a Material<T>,
 }
 
 pub trait Intersect<T: RealField> {
@@ -34,11 +37,16 @@ pub trait Intersect<T: RealField> {
 pub struct Sphere<T: RealField> {
     centre: Vector3<T>,
     radius: T,
+    material: Material<T>,
 }
 
 impl<T: RealField> Sphere<T> {
-    pub fn new(centre: Vector3<T>, radius: T) -> Sphere<T> {
+    pub fn new(centre: Vector3<T>, radius: T, material: Material<T>) -> Sphere<T> {
-        Sphere { centre, radius }
+        Sphere {
+            centre,
+            radius,
+            material,
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -76,6 +84,7 @@ impl<T: RealField> Intersect<T> for Sphere<T> {
             location,
             normal,
             retro,
+            material: &self.material,
         })
     }
 }
@@ -83,14 +92,16 @@ impl<T: RealField> Intersect<T> for Sphere<T> {
 pub struct Plane<T: RealField> {
     normal: Vector3<T>,
     distance_from_origin: T,
+    material: Material<T>,
 }
 
 impl<T: RealField> Plane<T> {
-    pub fn new(normal: Vector3<T>, distance_from_origin: T) -> Plane<T> {
+    pub fn new(normal: Vector3<T>, distance_from_origin: T, material: Material<T>) -> Plane<T> {
         normal.normalize();
         Plane {
             normal,
             distance_from_origin,
+            material,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -117,6 +128,7 @@ impl<T: RealField> Intersect<T> for Plane<T> {
             location: ray.point_at(t),
             normal: self.normal,
             retro: -ray.direction,
+            material: &self.material,
         })
     }
 }
@@ -176,55 +188,56 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn ray_intersects_sphere() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, 15.0), 5.0);
+        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, 15.0), 5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(s.intersect(&r), Some(_));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn ray_does_not_intersect_sphere_when_sphere_is_in_front() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(-5.0, 1.5, 15.0), 5.0);
+        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(-5.0, 1.5, 15.0), 5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(s.intersect(&r), None);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn ray_does_not_intersect_sphere_when_sphere_is_behind() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, -15.0), 5.0);
+        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, -15.0), 5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(s.intersect(&r), None);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn ray_intersects_sphere_when_origin_is_inside() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, 2.0), 5.0);
+        let s = Sphere::new(Vector3::new(1.5, 1.5, 2.0), 5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(s.intersect(&r), Some(_));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn ray_intersects_plane() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(-1.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0);
+        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(p.intersect(&r), Some(_));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn ray_does_not_intersect_plane() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0);
+        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         assert_matches!(p.intersect(&r), None);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn intersection_point_is_on_plane() {
         let r = Ray::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 2.0, 3.0), Vector3::new(-1.0, 0.0, 1.0));
-        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0);
+        let p = Plane::new(Vector3::new(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), -5.0, Material::new_dummy());
         match p.intersect(&r) {
             Some(IntersectionInfo {
                 distance: _,
                 location,
                 normal: _,
                 retro: _,
+                material: _,
             }) => assert!((location.x - (-5.0f64)).abs() < 0.0000000001),
             None => panic!(),
         }